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RNABY NEWBOLT
Oceans
OCEANS
There is more ocean on our planet than there is land, but we still know little about it. The first ship sailed all the way around the world less than five hundred years ago. And the first journey to the deepest sea floor was little more than fifty years ago.
Great waves move across the surface of the ocean, and currents of cold and warm water move past our continents. The biggest animals on our planet swim around the Southern Ocean, and in the hottest parts of the ocean we can find animals that live without light. It is a strange world – and we are just beginning to know it …
Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries This simplified edition © Oxford University Press 2012 The moral rights of the author have been asserted First published 2012 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 No unauthorized photocopying All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the ELT Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materials contained in any third party website referenced in this work ISBN: 978 0 19 479443 5 A complete recording of this Bookworms edition of Oceans is available on CD. Pack ISBN: 978 0 19 479442 8 Printed in China Word count (main text): 6,778 For more information on the Oxford Bookworms Library, visit www.oup.com/elt/bookwormswww.oup.com/elt/bookworms ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS With thanks to: Ann Fullick for expert science advice Maps and diagrams by : Peter Bull pp.3, 12, 13, 17, 23 The publishers would like to thank the following for their permission to reproduce photographs : AKG-Images pp.9 (Vasca da Gama/akg), 9 (map/akg), 11 (Painting of cod fishing/akg), 27 (Mutiny on the bounty/akg); Alamy Images pp.5 (Polynesian voyaging canoe/Photo Resource Hawaii), 7 (North Wind Picture Archives/Sinbad and his companions), 26 (Oceanographer/Bruce Miller); Ardea p.16 (Hagfish/Pat Morris); Corbis pp.1 (View of Pacific Ocean/Bloomimage), 2 (Yacht sailing/Reed Kaestner), 8 (Oseberg Longship/Jose Fuste Raga), 10 (The largest containership in the world/Vincent Jannink), 19 (King Canute Holding Back the Sea/David Barnet/Illustration Works), 25 (Plockton Harbour/Ellen Rooney), 32 (Blue whale/Denis Scott), 39 (Small Submarine/ Ralph White); DK Images p.39 (Alvin submersible/Dorling Kindersley); Ecoscene p.15 (Sea spider/Andrey Nekrasov); FLPA pp.15 (Purple Sun Starfish/ImageBroker), 28 (Sail fish/Reinhard Dirscherl/FLPA), 33 (killer whale/Hiroya Minakuchi/Minden Pictures/FLPA), 36 (Angler fish/ Norbert Wu), 37 (Gulper-eel/Norbert Wu/Minden Pictures/FLPA); Getty Images pp.18 (tsunami breeching an embankment/Afp/getty), 20 (Low tide in St. Ives Harbour/James Osmond), cover (Jellyfish/Frederic Pacorel/StockImage); Nature Picture Library pp.29 (Great white shark/Doug Perrine), 30 (school of fish/); NHPA p.16 (Greenland Shark/Photoshot/NHPA/Saul Gonor); Oxford University Press pp.1 (starry sky/Photodisc), 44 (map/Graphi-Ogre), 44 (ice/Photodisc), 44 (Plastic Forks/Photodisc), 44 (wave/Photodisc), 44 (Compass/Photodisc), 44 (Gas hob/Magelanic Cloudss); Science Photo Library pp.13 (topographic map/Planetary Visions Ltd/Science Photo Library), 22 (Low Tide, Campobello Island/Andrew J. Martinez/Science Photo Library), 22 (Hightide Campobello Island/Andrew J. Martinez/Science Photo Library), 32 (Albatross/Tony Camacho/ Science Photo Library), 34 (Iceberg/J.G. Paren/Science Photo Library), 40 (Deep Ocean Fish/ Dr Ken Macdonald/Science Photo Library) e-Book ISBN 978 0 19 463079 5e-Book first published 2014 
