This List deals with the later conditions in the Far East. The political and economic aspects are the special subjects dealt with. For convenience of consultation the titles are arranged under the following subdivisions: Russia; History, politics, etc.; Russian expansion; Trans-Siberian railroad; Tibet; Manchuria; Japan; Korea; Russo-Japanese relations; Far East: American relations; Far East: European relations; Anglo-Russian relations; and China.

History of Russia.—A compendium of Russian history is Morfill's "A history of Russia from the birth of Peter the Great to Nicholas II." Rambaud's "The history of Russia" is a work of greater extent, the later editions bring the history down to 1904. In Wallace's "Russia" the history stops at 1877.

Recent works in English on the internal affairs of Russia are Brüggen's "Russia of to-day;" Drage's "Russian affairs;" Latimer's "Russia and Turkey in the nineteenth century;" Leroy-Beaulieu's "The empire of the tsars and the Russians;" Palmer's "Russian life in town and country;" and Schierbrand's "Russia, her strength and her weakness." The volumes issued by the Russian government in connection with the World's Columbian exposition contain much statistical information. Works in foreign languages to be specially noted are: Anspach's "La Russie économique et l'œuvre de M. de Witte;" Brüggen's "Das heutige Russland;" Danielson's "Histoire du développement économique de la Russie depuis l'affranchissement des serfs;" Delage's "Chez les Russes;" Deschamps's "La Russie au 20^me siècle;" Kovalevskiĭ's "La Russie à la fin du 19^e siècle;" Kupchanko's "Russland in Zahlen;" Machat's "Le développement économique de la Russie;" Niet's "La Russie d'aujourd'hui" and Strannik's "La pensée russe contemporaine."

Russian navy.—Clarke's "Russia's sea-power, past and present; or, The rise of the Russian navy" and Jane's "The imperial Russian navy; its past, present, and future."

Russian expansion.—Rambaud's "The expansion of Russia" is a valuable economic study. Skrine's "The expansion of Russia, 1815–1900" is a sympathetic record down to 1900; Norman's "All the Russias" inclines to look with favor on Russian policies; Beveridge's "The Russian advance" is the result of a study of conditions made in a visit in 1901 and is commendatory of Russia; Chirol's "The middle eastern question" considers phases of Russian expansion with special regard to Russian relations with Afghanistan, Persia and Tibet, and to the position of the Indian empire; Gerrare's "Greater Russia" is written with the object of conveying "an adequate idea of Russia's advance: her industrial progress, commercial prospects, the openings presented for both capital and labour, the markets closed to foreign enterprise." G. Frederick Wright in his work entitled "Asiatic Russia" holds that "except in the case of the United States, no other nation of the world has before it the clear field for expansion that Russia has in her Asiatic possessions, and no other nation has more completely at her command the material and moral resources of modern science and Christian civilization than she has, if she but continues to use them rightly." Krahmer's "Russland in Asien" is a detailed history in six volumes, of which a single volume is devoted to a special phase of Russian activities in the Far East.

Trans-Siberian railway.—There are numerous travellers' accounts including Cary's "The Trans-Siberian route; or, Notes of a journey from Pekin to New York in 1902;" Lynch's "The path of empire;" Shoemaker's "The great Siberian railway from St. Petersburg to Pekin;" Simpson's "Side-lights on Siberia. Some accounts of the great Siberian railroad, the prisons and the exile systems;" Vladimir's "Russia on the Pacific, and the Siberian railway" and others in the articles in periodicals noted on pp. 19–21 of this List. The sumptuous volume printed by the Russian Ministry of ways of communication, printed in English under the title "Guide to the Great Siberian railway" is to be specially noted. The account published by the United States Bureau of statistics in its Monthly summary of commerce and finance, April, 1899, contains valuable material.

Manchuria.—Hosie's

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