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Biopolymers for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications
Edited by
Bernd H. A. Rehm
M. Fata Moradali
Copyright
Editors
Dr. Bernd H. A. Rehm
Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers
Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery
Menzies Health Institute Queensland
Griffith University
Don Young Road, Nathan, QLD 4111
Australia
Dr. M. Fata Moradali
Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases
University of Louisville
United States
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Print ISBN: 978‐3‐527‐34530‐4
ePDF ISBN: 978‐3‐527‐81828‐0
ePub ISBN: 978‐3‐527‐81830‐3
oBook ISBN: 978‐3‐527‐81831‐0
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1 Advances in Biocompatibility: A Prerequisite for Biomedical Application of Biopolymers
Matthew R. Jorgensen, Helin Räägel, and Thor S. Rollins
Nelson Laboratories, LLC, 6280 S Redwood Rd, Salt Lake City, UT, 84123, USA
1.1 Introduction
Biocompatibility is a concept that, in one form or another, has existed since the dawn of medicine. At the base of Vesuvius in ancient Rome was the house of a surgeon, home to an impressive collection of medical instruments that were preserved by ash when the mountain exploded. Without a doubt, patrons of the ancient surgeon subjected themselves to these devices with the expectation and trust that they would be getting better – not worse – due to the treatment they received. While biocompatibility has not always been explicitly defined through history, the safety of a tool in a doctor's hand is central to the mission of the doctor. Following the industrial revolution, instruments have become mass‐produced and marketed as effective tools for the practice of medicine, making doctors rely on the diligence of the manufacturer to ensure patient safety. Concurrently, our knowledge of toxicology has expanded through experience, and medical journals have become widely available to share clinical experiences. These platforms have been and are currently successfully used to notify doctors and also the public about medical instruments thought to be safe, but which actually did more harm than good, and discuss options for mitigating the risks associated with the