Petroleum Refining Design and Applications Handbook. A. Kayode CokerЧитать онлайн книгу.
rel="nofollow" href="#ulink_deccf872-1e04-53ce-9144-a03b28a00931">14.9). By completely defining the valve specification in a separate specification book the various valves—gate, globe, butterfly, plug, flanged end, screwed end, welding end—can be identified for all persons involved on a project, including piping engineers and field erection contractors.
Figure 14.17c summarizes a system for representing components on the flowsheets. The instrument symbols of Table 14.6 and Figures 14.18a and b are representative of the types developed by the Instrument Society of America and some companies.
Figure 14.21 Typical valve codes and specifications. By permission, Borden Chemicals and Plastics Operating Ltd. Partnership.
Some other designation systems indicate the recording or indicating function in front of rather than behind the instrument function. For example:
| RTC-1, | Recording Temperature Controller No. 1 |
| VRTC-1, | Control Valve for Recording Temperature Controller No. 1 |
| RFM-6, | Recording Flow Meter No. 6 |
| ORFM-6, | Orifice flanges and plate for Recording Flow Meter No. 6 |
| OTrRFC-1, | Orifice flanges and plate used with Transmitter for recording Flow Controller No. 1 |
| TrRFC-1F, | Flow Transmitter for Recording Flow controller No. 1 |
| IPC-8, | Indicating Pressure Controller No. 8 |
| IFC-6, | Indicating Flow Controller No. 6 |
| IFM-2, | Indicating Flow Meter No. 2 |
| RLC-, | Recording Level Controller |
| RLM-, | Recording Level Meter |
| ILC-, | Indicating Level Controller |
| LC-, | Level Controller |
| PC-, | Pressure Controller |
Control valves carry the same designation as the instrument to which they are connected. Thermocouples carry the same designation as the recorder or indicator to which they are connected. Sequential point numbers are indicated thus (see Table 14.6):
| RTM-6-4, | Thermocouple connected to point No. 4 |
| RTM instrument No. 6. Also see Figure 14.9. |
Additional symbols include:
| PG-6, | Pressure Gage No. 6 connected in the field on some item of equipment. If panel board mounted, it becomes-6B. |
| LTA-1, | Low Temperature Alarm No. 1 |
| HTA-1, | High Temperature Alarm No. 1 |
| LPA-2, | Low Pressure Alarm No. 2 |
| HPA-2, | High Pressure Alarm No. 2 |
| LLA-6, | Low Level Alarm No. 6 |
| HLA-8, | High Level Alarm No. 8 |
| PG-, | Push Button |
Figure 14.22 Partial presentation of piping materials specifications for a specific process service. By permission, Borden Chemicals and Plastics, Operating Limited Partnership.
Process flowsheets do not normally show companion flanges for valves unless these serve as blinds or for orifice plates. This detail is sometimes shown on the piping flowsheet, but here again the use of detail, which does not contribute to the communication function of the sheets, is avoided. Such detail can be time consuming when considered over the entire set of sheets for a process. Figures 14.7 and 14.9 are typical of reasonably good presentation without unnecessary detail. Such specifications as heights of a seal leg, locked open valve, or other information not summarized elsewhere must be recorded on the flowsheets.
14.13 Working Schedules
As a direct companion of the completed flowsheet, the line schedule sheet transmits the process and mechanically necessary details for proper interpretation of the piping aspects of the flowsheet (see Figures 14.20a–d). These schedules are initiated by the process engineer to further explain the requirements of the process as shown on the flowsheets. They are often and perhaps usually cooperatively completed by other engineers, particularly the piping, mechanical and instrumentation groups.
Table 14.6 Instrumentation nomenclature--complete general identification.
| Modification of ISA Standards | |||||||||||||||
| First Letter | Second and Third Letters | ||||||||||||||
| Controlling Devices | Measuring Devices | Alarm Devices | |||||||||||||
| * Process Variable or Actuation | Recording | Indicating |
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