. Читать онлайн книгу.

(от лат. quarta – четверть) – здесь подразумевается человек, у которого один предок во втором поколении принадлежал к другой расе (бабушка или дедушка). На Земле в колониальной Америке так называли потомков мулатного и белого родителей. В настоящее время подобная терминология приравнивается к расизму.

4

Окторон (от лат. octo – восемь) – здесь подразумевается человек, у которого один предок в третьем поколении принадлежал к другой расе (прабабушка или прадедушка). На Земле в колониальной Америке так называли потомков квартерона и белого родителя. В настоящее время подобная терминология приравнивается к расизму.

5

Астролябия – прибор для определения широты, один из старейших астрономических инструментов. Основан на принципе стереографической проекции.

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

Скачать книгу