Как нам избежать климатической катастрофы. Решения, которые у нас есть. Прорывы, которые нам нужны. Билл ГейтсЧитать онлайн книгу.

id="n_8">

8

На момент подготовки российского издания книги число погибших составило 2,74 миллиона. Прим. ред.

9

В большинстве отчетов по климатическим изменениям используется шкала Цельсия. Я буду следовать этой практике в своей книге, потому что именно это вы увидите в новостях.

10

Проект сопоставления климатических моделей (CMIP5), средние аномалии глобальной температуры, по данным Королевского метеорологического института Голландии. Температура отмечена в градусах Цельсия.

11

Данные по среднему изменению температуры в градусах Цельсия по 1951–1980 годам заимствованы у независимой организации Berkley Earth (berkeleyearth.org); данные по СО₂ в метрических тоннах – из Глобального углеродного бюджета 2019 года (Le Quéré, Andrew et al.), CC BY 4.0 (www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), доступного на сайте https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/11/1783/2019/.

12

Фотография: AFP via Getty Images.

13

Solomon M. Hsiang and Amir S. Jina. “Geography, Depreciation, and Growth,” American Economic Review, May 2015.

14

Donald Wuebbles, David Fahey and Kathleen Hibbard. National Climate Assessment 4: Climate Change Impacts in the United States (U. S. Global Change Research Program, 2017).

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

Скачать книгу